Mohamed Ihsan

11/17/21

Electromagnetic Relay: controls high-powered electrical devices. used to control circuits, with low power signal, or when multiple circuits must be controlled by one single signal. Relays are mechanical, so it can be a bit slow.

Using 12 volts adapter for 4-6 volt motor: you can use a regulator to reduce the adaptor volts from 12 volts, to lesser volts, that are needed for the particular motor. The shop at ITP has a 5 volt and 3.3 volt regulator.

Transistor: this is a digital device to control the volts to something like a motor. It is essentially like a switch, which controls multiple, or separate motors.

Motors:

• current (match with motor driver). for example, you will need an H-bridge of 2.7 to 5.5 for something like a nano or uno, for logic supply. It's good to also keep in mind the max DC volt, and the amps (the H-bridge uses 1.2 amps).
• torque: about how powerful the motor is. torque and speed have reverse relationships.
• rpm: rotations per minute

Types of motors:

• solenoid: does not turn. a very simple motor.

source: https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/io/io_6.html

• DC motor: current causes coil of magnet to rotate. on one side, electricity will flow away. in other direction, it flows towards. torque action causes continuous rotation.
• gear DC motor vs raw DC motor: gear motor increases power, whereas raw motor might be faster. gear motor typically can handle heavier objects. raw motors might be used for cars or fans, while gear motor might be used for something that needs less speed, but that its good to have more power for.
• stepper motor: brushless dc motors, that divides a full rotation into a number of equal steps.

source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepper_motor

• servo motor: responds to commands. most powerful motor, but it's not very fast. a little louder than stepper, and stepper is also a bit more precise.
• valve: a type of motor that let's you control the airflow.

Applications of motors:

• daniel rozin's mirrors: use stepper/servo motors, cuz that allows them to be controllable.